Biography of scientist satyendra nath bose

Bose-Einstein condensates, a state of matter, are dense collections of bosons that follow Bose-Einstein statistics instead of Fermi—Dirac statistics. Although a number of Nobel Prizes have been given out for the works of Satyendra Nath Bose, particularly for advancing the theory of Bose-Einstein condensates, Bose himself was never given the Nobel Prize.

Born in Calcutta on January 1,Satyendra Nath Bose was an outstanding student and came into contact with some of the brilliant teachers like Jagadish Chandra Bose and Prafulla Chandra Roy, who inspired him a lot. He started his career in as a lecturer in physics at Calcutta University. Five years later, he joined Dacca University. Bose wrote a brief article titled "Planck's Law and the Hypothesis of Light Quanta" after adapting a lecture he gave at the University of Dhaka on the theory of radiation and the ultraviolet catastrophe.

Einstein generalised Bose's works on photonsextended it on atoms, and gave the theory of ideal quantum gas Bose gas. This formed the basis of the Bose-Einstein statistics and Bose-Einstein condensates. The pioneering ideas of Bose, developed further by Einstein, were confirmed by the observation of a new state of matter in a diluted gas of ultra-cold alkali atoms, the Bose-Einstein condensate.

Bose responded, "I have received all the recognition I deserve," when asked for comment. He spent his entire life studying and researching different scientific topics because it made him feel the happiest. Bose passed away on February 4,after a severe heart attack at the age of People still contend that Bose's discovery is among the greatest scientific discoveries of both centuries.

Bose, a scholar who excelled in all fields during his lifetime, continues to inspire people today and is remembered in a number of physics theories. I do not know whether you still remember that somebody from Calcutta asked your permission to translate your papers on Relativity in English. You acceded to the request. The book has since been published.

I was the one who translated your paper on Generalised Relativity. The reason Bose's interpretation produced accurate results was that since photons are indistinguishable from each other, one cannot treat any two photons having equal energy as being two distinct identifiable photons. Bose's interpretation is now called Bose—Einstein statistics.

Biography of scientist satyendra nath bose: Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose

This result derived by Bose laid the foundation of quantum statisticsand especially the revolutionary new philosophical conception of the indistinguishability of particles, as acknowledged by Einstein and Dirac. He was equally candid with anyone who asked. Einstein also did not at first realize how radical Bose's departure was, and in his first paper after Bose, he was guided, like Bose, by the fact that the new method gave the right answer.

Bose had already submitted his article to the British Journal Philosophical Magazinewhich rejected it before he sent it to Einstein. It is not known why it was rejected. Einstein adopted the idea and extended it to atoms. This led to the prediction of the existence of phenomena which became known as Bose—Einstein condensatea dense collection of bosons which are particles with integer spinnamed after Bosewhich was demonstrated to exist by experiment in After his stay in Europe, Bose returned to Dhaka in He did not have a doctorate, and so ordinarily, under the prevailing regulations, he would not be qualified for the post of Professor he applied for, but Einstein recommended him.

He continued guiding and teaching at Dhaka University and was the Dean of the Faculty of Science there until Bose designed equipment himself for an X-ray crystallography laboratory. He set up laboratories and libraries to make the department a center of research in X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, magnetic properties of matter, optical spectroscopy, wireless, and unified field theories.

He also published an equation of state for real gases with Meghnad Saha.

Biography of scientist satyendra nath bose: Satyendra Nath Bose, Indian mathematician and

When the partition of India became imminenthe returned to Calcutta now known as Kolkata and taught there until He insisted every student design their own equipment using local materials and local technicians. He was made professor emeritus on his retirement. He returned to the University of Calcutta to continue research in nuclear physics and complete earlier works in organic chemistry.

In subsequent years, he worked in applied research such as extraction of helium in hot springs of Bakreshwar.

Biography of scientist satyendra nath bose: Satyendra Nath Bose FRS, MP

Apart from physics, he did research in biotechnology and literature Bengali and English. He made studies in chemistrygeology, zoologyanthropologyengineering and other sciences. Being Bengalihe devoted significant time to promoting Bengali as a teaching language, translating scientific papers into it, and promoting the development of the region.

Bose was honoured with the title Padma Vibhushan by the Indian Government in Inhe was appointed as the National Professor, the highest honour in the country for a scholar, a position he held for 15 years. Inthe S. Bose became an adviser to the then newly formed Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. He was elected general president of the Indian Science Congress.

He was the vice president and then the president of Indian Statistical Institute. Inhe became a Fellow of the Royal Society. He was nominated as member of Rajya Sabha. Partha Ghose has stated that [ 7 ]. Bose was nominated by K. BanerjeeD. KothariS. Bagchiand A. Dutta for the Nobel Prize in Physics, for his contribution to Bose—Einstein statistics and the unified field theory.

Banerjee, head of the Physics Department, University of Allahabadin a letter of 12 January wrote to the Nobel Committee as follows: " 1. He Bose made very outstanding contributions to physics by developing the statistics known after his name as Bose statistics. In recent years this statistics is found to be of profound importance in the classifications of fundamental particles and has contributed immensely to the development of nuclear physics.

During the period from to date, he has made a number of highly interesting contributions of far-reaching consequences on the subject of Einstein's Unitary Field Theory. Bosonsa class of elementary subatomic particles in particle physics were named by Dirac after Satyendra Nath Bose to commemorate his contributions to science. Soviet Nobel laureate Lev Landau kept a list of names of physicists which he ranked on a logarithmic scale of productivity ranging from 1 to 5.

Albert Einstein was ranked 0. Landau ranked himself as a 2. SN Bose's work on particle statistics c. When Bose himself was once asked that question, he replied, "I have got all the recognition I deserve.

Biography of scientist satyendra nath bose: Satyendra Nath Bose FRS,

One of the main academic buildings of University of Rajshahithe No 1 science building has been named after him. The 4 June Google Doodle featured Bose, on the 98th anniversary of his sending his work to Einstein. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. View five larger pictures.

Biography Satyendranath Bose 's mother, Amodini Devi, had received little formal education but she skilfully brought up her large family of seven children. Bose's father was Surendranath Bose who worked for a while as an accountant before joining the East Indian Railways. He later set up his own chemical and pharmaceutical company. Satyendranath was the eldest of Amodini and Surendranath's seven children, having six younger sisters.

Satyendranath began his education at an elementary school in Calcutta before entering the Hindu School in It was here that his interest in mathematics and science began, and as is so often the case, it was due to an outstanding mathematics teacher coupled with encouragement from the headmaster. He began his studies at Presidency College, Calcutta, in where he had a brilliant academic record.

He was awarded a B. In the year he was awarded his Master's degree, Bose married Ushabala Ghosh. They had five children, three daughters and two sons. Had Indians been allowed to take administrative posts in the government service, Bose would almost certainly have followed that route. With a master's degree, Bose was appointed as a scientific officer at the University of Calcutta in It was here that he began delving into the theory of relativity.

From toBose taught at the physics department of the University of Calcutta. He then became an assistant professor at the University of Dhaka, where he played a significant role in establishing new departments offering advanced courses for postgraduates and undergraduates. Bose himself taught thermodynamics and the theory of electromagnetism developed by James Clerk Maxwell.

Bose's scientific paper, in which he derived Planck's energy distribution formula without relying on classical physics but using a new method of counting identical particle states, played a crucial role in the field of quantum statistics. Following the successful publication, Bose spent two years working in European laboratories on crystallography and X-rays, collaborating not only with Einstein but also with Marie Curie and Louis de Broglie.

InBose returned to the University of Dhaka, where he became the head of the physics department and remained the dean of the Faculty of Science until